Machine for testing hardness.



Patented June 1, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

T. OLSEN.

MACHINE FOR TESTING HARDNESS.

- APPLICATION FILED AUG.20. 1909.

Patented June 1, 1915.

my IIIlIIlIIIII/IIIIIIII TINEIUS OLSEN, 0F PCEILADELTHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIG-NOR 'JIO TINIUS OLSEN TESTTNG MACHINE COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO RATION 0F PENNSYLVANEd.

MACHINE non rnsrmc HARDNESS.

LIEMLLSSIL.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented-June I1, 1915.

a ynwnen iited August 20. 1909. Serial No. 513,855.

My invention relates to machines articula-rly designed fortestin'g thehar ness of various materials, and one object of the present inventionis to provide a novel device whereby the weight or load of such amachine as that above noted, may be quickly applied to or removed fromits operative position in order to permit of the insertion or removal ofthe piece tested.

I further desire to provide a novel-it'orm of indicating mechanism foruse in machines for testing the hardness of materials, and particularlyin those machines in which the hardness is measured or determined by thedistance to which a hard ball or other suitable body is pressed into thepiece under test.

These objects and other advantageous ends I secure as hereinafter setforth, reference being had to the accompanying drawin s, in which igure1, is a side elevation of a testing machine constructed according to myinvention Fig. 2, is a plan of the machine shown in Fig. 1;.Fig. 3, isan enlarged side elevation of the indicating mechanism for the machine;Figs. 4 and 5, are respectively a vertical and a horizontal sectiontaken on the lines w-a and 6-4), Fig. 3; and, Fig. 6, is

a vertical section of that portion of the indicating apparatus whichengages directly with the plece under test. p

In the above drawings, 1 is theframe of the machine, to one end of whichare de tachably connected the parts 2, 2*, 2 and 2 of a sectionalsupport for pieces under test; there being on-said frame three upwardlyprojecting standards 3, 4 and 5 for the support of the various levers,etc. On the uppermost of the sectional supports is a block 6 carrying ananvil 7 both of which may be mounted on any one of the support sectionswhich are normally held to the standard 3 by suitable bolts. The upperpart of the standard 8 is forked and provided with bearings for thesupport of a lever 8, which carries the indicating apparatus 9 hereafterdescribed and has one arm connected by means of a link 10 with one armof a second lever 11. Said latter lever is mounted by means of suitableknife-edged bearings on the standard 4:, and its short arm, to which isattached the link 10, has suspended from it a counter weight 12. Theextreme end of its other arm is provided with knife-edges to which areapplied the wei hts employed in operating the machine. hese weights,indicated at 14, are preferably disk shaped, and are removably mountedone upon the other on a rod 15 whose upper end is attached to alongitudinally slotted yoke piece 16. This latter is hooked at its upperend. Said yoke piece is vertically dividedso that the end of the lever11 may, under certain conditions, I move between its slotted branches,and I provide suitable bearings in the upper ends of the slots in saidbranches tor codperation with "the knife edges carried by said lever 11.

The standard 5 carries a horizontal spin' dle F1? -on which are fixedtwo grooved pulley wheel's 1'8 and 19, together with a sprocket wheelQ0. This latter is connected 'by means of a chain with a second andsmaller sproc'ket 22, mounted upon a short spindle carried by aninclined bar 23 which forms a tie or tension member. This latter spindlehas connected to'it an operating handle 2% whereby the sprocket wheel 20and therefore the two grooved wheels 18 and 19 may be turned at will. A.cable 25 connects the upper hook on the upper end of the yoke 16 withthe pulley Wheel 19 on which is wound for a portion of a revolution, anda similar cable Q6 is wound on the grooved Wheel T8 to which 'one end ofit is attached, while its other end has suspended from it a hoo'ked rod'27 carrying a series of counterbalance weiglrizs 28. Under operatingconditions the'se weights and also the weights 14 may be varied so thatthe total masses hung from the cables 25 and 26 are practicallyequal.

' By turning the handle 24, 1t 1s comparatively easy to raise or lowereither of the sets of weights and thereby either ralse the weights 28 tosuch'an extent as to permit the weights 14 to be supported solely by thele 'ver 151, or on the other hand, to lower the weights 28 so that thebearings in the yoke piece 16 are raised out of engagement with theknife edge 13, thereby removing the load from said lever and permittingit, with the lever 8, to be moved up and down in order to permit of theremoval or insertion of a piece to be tested.

The indicating apparatus of the machine is carried on the short arm ofthe lever 8 1 and includes a casing 29 provided with a glass windowthrough which may be observed the position of an indicating arm 31 and ascale 47. This arm is provided with a counterweight 32 and is mounted ona spindle 33 supported in suitable bearings.

The central part of the arm carries a small roller 34 against whichrests a wooden bar 35 whose upper end is yieldingly drawn toward saidroller by means of an adjustable spring 36, while its lower end isconnected to a yoke piece 37 and guided by a roller 38 mounted in' theframework 39 in which are carried the bearings for the spindle 33. Theshort arm of the lever 8 immediately under the yoke piece 37 is providedwith a vertical passage through which extends a rod 40 to whose lowerend is secured a head 41. Also extending through said passage onopposite sides of said rod are two small rods 42, the

upper ends of both of which are connected to the yoke .piece 37 whiletheir lower ends extend to points usually on a level with the lowestportion of the surface of a ball 43 of hardened material, held to thehead 41 by means of a cap 44.

' In order to vary the pressure of the wooden bar 35 against the roller34, I provide an adjustable nut 45 threaded on a bolt 46 attached to oneend of the spring 36. Carried by the casing is the scale 47, formedconcentrically with the center line of the spindle 33, which has ahead48 extending outside of said casing, so that since the roller 34 hasfrictional contact with the bar 35, the arm 31 may be adjusted at will.The end of said arm adjacent to the scale, is provided witha Vernier 49,as shown-in Fig. 3.

In using the machine, the hardened ball 43 is brought by suitablemanipulation of the levers 7 and 8, intoengagem ent with the piece to,be tested, which presumably has a level surface for engagement withsaid ball; there being no load upon the lever 11, which iscounterbalanced by the weight 12. The

lower ends of the'rods 42 also strike the test piece and should theyhappen to project below the lowest portionof said ball, will push up onthe yoke piece 37 and rod 35, and, through the roller 34, turn the arm31 from its zero position. --By proper-adjustment of the head 48 on thespindle 33 said arm may be moved so that the zero of its verniercoincides with the zero of the scale. If now a suitable weight isapplied to the long arm of the lever 11, by operation of the handle 24as above described, the ball 43 is pressed into or caused to indent thepiece to be tested, which is mounted upon the anvil 7, and it is obviousthat as said ball sinks into the material, the rods 42 are pressedupwardly, so that the arm 31 moves over the scale 37 to an amount whichis dependent upon" the depth to which the ball 43 is forced into saidtest piece. I

Since the depth of the recess is directly proportional to the hardnessof the material under test, the reading given on the scale may, byproper calibration, be made to directly indicate in suitable units theparticular hardness of the piece being tested.

In order to remove the piece after testing, the handle 24 is so turnedas toraise the weights 14 and thereby remove the bearings of the yoke 16from engagement with the knife. edge 13. The levers 11 and 8 are therebyfreed so that the piece under test may be conveniently taken from theanvil and another substituted for it.

I claim 1. A testing machine including means for applying a load to apiece under test, the same consisting of a lover, a weight capableofoperating on said lever to apply a load, and means for applying theweight to the lever or removing it therefrom consisting of a pulley, aflexible connection between said pulley and said wei ht, and a counterweight acting through said connection to raise the weiglfi.

testing machine including means for 100 applying a load to a piece undertest consisting of a lever; a member-shaped to be capable of acting onsaid lever; an actuating weight and a counter weight operative on saidmember; and means operative at will for adjusting the member to causethe actuating weight to'be applied to the lever.

3. A testing machine including means for applying a load to a piece tobe tested, the same consisting of a lever, a shaft carried by the frameof .the machine, two pulleys thereon, a weight hung from one pulley andcapable of operating on the lever to actuate the machine, a secondweight hung from the other pulley in position to counterbalance 116 'thefirst weight, and means for turning the shaft.

4. A testing machine including means for applying a load to a body undertest, the same consisting of a lever having a knife 120 edge, a slottedyoke havin bearings capable of cofiperating with said knife edge, aweight hung from said yoke, a shaft, two pulleys thereon, a cable woundon one pulley and connected to said yoke, a second cable wound in theopposite direction on the other pulley, a counterbalance weight attachedto said second cable, a sprocket wheel on the shaft, a second sprocketwheel mounted on the frame of the machine, a chain connectanswer ingsaid sprocket wheels, and a handle for operating the second sprocketwheel.

5. The combination in a testing machine, of'means for supporting a bodyunder test, a member having a hard portion capable of engaging suchbody, means for applying a load to said member, a longitudinally mov-'able bar, capable of engaging the body under test, a spindle having aroller engaged by said longitudinally movable bar, anindicating armconnected to the spindle, and a scale placed to cooperate with said arm.

6. The combination in a testing machine, of means for supportin a bodyunder test, a member having a bar portion capable of engaging such body,means for applying a load to said member, a longitudinally movablebarcapable of engaging the body under test, a spindle having a rollerengaged by said longitudinally movable bar, an indicating arm connectedwith the spindle, and a scale placed to cooperate with said arm, withmeans for varying the pressure of the bar upon the roller.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

TINIUS OLSEN.

Witnesses:

WIILIAM E. BRADLEY, WM. A. BARR.

